Keywords
containerized seedlings
bare-root seedlings
growth characteristics
survivability
reforestation Pinus sylvestris L.
сіянці із закритою кореневою системою
сіянці з відкритою кореневою системою
показники росту
приживлюваність
лісовідновлення
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction
Key challenge in establishing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantations is the selection of appropriate planting material – specifically, whether to use container-grown or bare-root seedlings. Studies conducted across various natural zones in Ukraine indicate that Scots pine plantations established with container-grown seedlings exhibit more vigorous growth and higher survival rates compared to those planted with bare-root seedlings.
However, research in Central Polissia on the growth and development of Scots pine plantations established with these two types of planting material has been limited and, more recently, discontinued – underscoring the need for renewed investigation.
The aim of the study was to compare the growth parameters and survivability of one- and three-year-old Scots pine plantations established with container-grown and bare-root seedlings in Central Polissia.
Materials and Methods
Surveys and measurements were conducted in two one-year-old Scots pine plantation plots established in spring 2024 in fresh and moist relatively infertile pine forest sites, as well as in one plot of three-year-old forest plantations, established in spring 2022 in fresh relatively infertile pine site. All plots are located within the Potashnіa forestry of the Radomyshl Forest and Hunting Enterprise (now Radomyshlske Forestry Management Unit, part of the Stolychnyi Forest Office branch of the State Specialized Forest Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine”, Zhytomyr region).
The standard planting pattern was 2.5 x 0.7 m (initial density: 5,714 trees · ha-1), except for part of Plot 3, where container-grown seedlings were planted at a 2.5 x 1.0 m spacing (initial density: 4,000 trees · ha-1).
Survivability was calculated as the percentage of viable trees recorded in September 2024 relative to the number initially planted. For three-year-old plantations, the crown width was also measured along and across the row.
Collected data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and standard statistical methods. The significance of differences between the control and experimental treatments was tested using Student’s t-test at the 5% significance level.
Results
In fresh relatively infertile pine sites, one-year-old plantations established with container-grown seedlings showed significantly better growth than those with bare-root seedlings –15% greater in height, 19% greater in height increment and 19% greater in root collar diameter. For all growth characteristics, the differences between the experimental treatments and control were significant.
Survivability was also higher for container-grown seedlings (89%) compared bare-root seedlings (82%).
In moist relatively infertile pine sites, one-year-old plantations established with container-grown seedlings had higher growth characteristics compared to those established with bare-root seedlings, with growth increase of 15% in height and root collar diameter and 25% in height increment. For all growth variables, the differences between the experimental variant and the control were significant.
Survivability was 89% for container-grown seedlings and 85% for bare-root seedlings.
Three-year-old plantations established in fresh relatively infertile pine site with container-grown seedlings exhibited 22% greater height and root collar diameter, and 24% greater height increment compared to those planted with bare-root seedlings. The differences between the experimental treatments and the control were statistically significant.
Survivability was 100%for container-grown seedlings and 87% for bare-root seedlings.
Additionally, in three-year-old forest plantations established with container-grown seedlings, Scots pine trees had significantly wider crowns – 19% wider along the row and 20% across the row – compared to those grown from bare-root stock.
Conclusions
In fresh and moist relatively infertile pine sites of Central Polissіa, both one- and three-year-old Scots pine plantations established with container-grown seedlings demonstrated superior growth (height, height increment, root collar diameter), greater crown width, and higher survivability compared to plantations established with bare-root seedlings.
The findings have been incorporated into recommendations for improving the establishment and cultivation technology of Scots pine plantations using container-grown seedlings in Central Polissіa.
2 Figs., 3 Tables, 19 Refs.
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